A recent study for the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) Division of Wildlife conducted by Responsive Management, in partnership with Southwick Associates and the Wildlife Management Institute, showed that wildlife-based recreation contributed nearly $12.5 billion to Ohio’s economy.
"Ohio has rolling hills for hunting, vast waterways for fishing, and thriving habitats for birding,” Ohio Governor Mike DeWine said. “The diverse natural wonders of Ohio prove once again the state really is ‘The Heart of it All.’”
This study was conducted for the Division of Wildlife and surveyed Ohio residents to gauge their participation in outdoor recreation and the economic impact of those activities. The survey primarily focused on Ohioans’ involvement in hunting, fishing, target shooting, and wildlife viewing. Ohio residents ages 18 and older, including licensed hunters and anglers, completed telephone and email surveys.
Collectively, the four study activities provided nearly 80,000 jobs in Ohio and $4 billion in income, plus $1.1 billion in local and state taxes, as well as more than $600 million in federal taxes. The activities contributed a total of $6.7 billion to Ohio’s GDP. Of the $12.5 billion of economic activity created through these activities, residents contributed $12 billion.
“We often focus on the social, familial, and health-related benefits of outdoor recreation activities,” said Mark Damian Duda, Executive Director of Responsive Management. “But this research highlights the significant economic impacts of the core activities that are managed by the Ohio Division of Wildlife and in which millions of Ohio residents participate.”
“We’ve always appreciated the great outdoors of Ohio and the natural spaces it has to offer,” Lt. Gov. Jon Husted said. “Beyond the environmental benefits, this report shows the economic value of Ohio’s topography and wildlife.”
Fishing
According to the survey, about 18% of Ohio’s adults fished, a legion of 1.7 million anglers. Ohio’s anglers combined to spend $5.5 billion and supported more than 34,000 jobs. Not surprisingly, the most popular counties for anglers were those along Lake Erie and the Ohio River, and 37% of anglers took at least one trip to Lake Erie to fish.
Hunting
Hunters generated $1.9 billion in spending and supported 12,000 jobs. Each of the state’s 500,000 hunters spent an average of $3,500. Approximately 5% of Ohioans older than 18 hunt. White-tailed deer was the most popular game species, with 91% of hunters hunting deer. Firearms were used by 83% of hunters, a bow by 72%, and many used both.
Target shooting
Meanwhile, 1.1 million target shooters spent $2.6 billion, supporting more than 22,000 jobs. Around 20% of Ohioans participate in target shooting each year. Outdoor shooting ranges were used by 71% of target shooters, and indoor ranges by 46%. Interestingly, 40% of target shooters visited the range for reasons other than preparing to hunt. Hamilton, Franklin, and Cuyahoga counties – Ohio’s most populous counties – were among the most popular for target shooters, as were Mahoning and Trumbull counties.
Wildlife viewing
Wildlife viewers poured $1.6 billion into Ohio’s economy and supported 11,500 jobs. Most (91%) of the 4.1 million viewers looked for birds. Mammals, insects, reptiles, and amphibians were also sought out.
Wildlife viewers, a group that included photographers, were likely to stay near home, with a third of participants traveling fewer than 10 miles to enjoy their hobby. A third of wildlife viewers also relied exclusively on public land, emphasizing the importance of making these recreation areas accessible.
“Ohio’s fish and wildlife resources are a tremendous asset to Ohio’s economy,” Division of Wildlife Chief Kendra Wecker said. “We have always appreciated the significant financial contributions of Ohio’s anglers, hunters, target shooters, and birders. It is reassuring to see these benefits confirmed through the recent survey.”
The research also looked at activity characteristics (e.g., species hunted, fished, or viewed), activity locations, and equipment used during participation, as well as expenditures by category, expenditures online, and the demographic characteristics of activity participants. The full report of results can be accessed here.